1-7. A
bolt passes through a steel plate that has a head that is 5 mm thick and has a
normally distributed load 
N
applied as shown. If the bolt shaft has a diameter of 10 mm and the bolt head
has an allowable shear stress 
MPa,
what is the probability that the bolt head will fail? Assume 
and 
are independent
variables. (Ans. 
)
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