8-3. A 18 in.
length rod is subject to two forces as shown. The rod has a length of 18 inches.
The yield strength of the rod is , and its Modulus of
elasticity is
. The moment of
inertia of the rod follows
and the forces also
follow a normal distribution
. Find the probability
of failure of the rod caused by buckling. Assume that
and
are independent. (Ans.
)